BIOMETRICS TRENDS: AUTHENTICATION AND USE CASES
IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Ljubica Pilepić Stifanich – Sveučilište u Rijeci, Fakultet za menadžment u turizmu i ugostiteljstvu, Primorska 42, p.p.97, 51410 Opatija,
Hrvatska
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31410/EMAN.2020.411
4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times, Online/Virtual, September 3, 2020, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS published by: Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia; ISBN 978-86-80194-30-1, ISSN 2683-4510
Sažetak:
Cilj ovoga rada je istražiti jednu relativno mladu tehnologiju, koja će po svim pokazateljima
postati temelj svih sigurnosnih aplikacija u svijetu u budućnosti. Budući da živimo u brzorastućem, informacijskom
i digitalnom dobu gdje se svakoga dana razvijaju nove tehnologije, prikazati će se i detaljno analizirati
neke biometrijske metode i tehnike koje su danas u upotrebi s posebnim naglaskom na sektor turizma
i hotelijerstva. Radi se o primjeni sustava za identifikaciju lica u turizmu s posebnim osvrtom na biometrijsku
provjeru putnika u zračnim lukama, mogućnostima biometrijskog plaćanja otiskom prsta, efikasnijem
upravljanju osobljem u području vođenja evidencije radnog vremena i kontroli pristupa. Biometrijska tehnologija
tom sektoru nudi mogućnost da se izdigne iznad tradicionalnih koncepata u poboljšanju sigurnosti
i cjelokupnog iskustva gostiju. Hoteli na taj način mogu poboljšati sustav upravljanja, a gostima se nudi
najviši nivo komfora i pogodnosti. U radu se istražuju mogućnosti, snage i slabosti biometrije te utjecaj
biometrije na čovjeka koji je u izravnoj interakciji s njom. Koliko su zapravo pouzdani biometrijski sustavi,
štite li našu privatnost i ljudska prava samo su neka od pitanja na koja ovaj rad pokušava iznaći odgovore.
Ključne riječi:
biometrija, autentifikacija, sigurnost, privatnost, turizam, hotelijerstvo.
Abstract:
This paper aims to investigate in-depth a relatively young technology, one that by all indications
is likely to become the basis of all security applications in the world in the future. As we live in a fast-growing
information and digital age, where each day sees the development of new technologies, the paper also
closely analyses some biometrical methods and techniques used today, with special emphasis on the tourism
and hospitality sector. Explored is the application of facial recognition systems in tourism, with special reference
to the biometric monitoring of travelers in airports, fingerprint-based biometric payment systems,
and more effective personnel management with regard to recording working hours and access control. Biometrics
technology enables the tourism and hospitality sector to rise above traditional concepts in improving
the security and overall experiences of guests. In this way, hotels are able to improve their management
systems while guests are provided with the highest levels of comfort and convenience. The paper explores
the opportunities, strengths and weaknesses of biometrics together with the impact of this technology on
people directly interacting with it. Just how reliable are biometric systems and do they protect our privacy
and human rights are only some of the questions this paper seeks to answer.
Keywords:
biometrics, authentication, security, privacy, tourism, hospitality.
REFERENCES
Akinnuwesi, B.A., Uzoka, F.M.E., Okwundu, O.S. i Fashoto, G. (2016), “Exploring biometric technology
adoption in a developing country context using the modified UTAUT”, International
Journal of Business Information Systems, 23(4), 482-521. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijbis.
2016.080219
Alterman, A. (2003), “A Piece of Yourself: Ethical Issues in Biometric Identification”, Ethics and
Information Technology, 5(3), 139-150. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:ETIN.0000006918.22060.1f
Aratek International, Tajpei, Dostupno na: https://www.aratek.co/ (12.02.2020.)
Bethany, B. (2019), Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba has a hotel run almost entirely by robots that
can serve food and fetch toiletries, Business Insider, Dostupno na: https://www.businessinsider.
com/alibaba-hotel-of-the-future-robots-ai-2019-10 (10.02.2020.)
Bilgihan, A., Karadag, E., Cobanoglu, C. i Okumus, F. (2013), “Research Note: Biometric Technology
Applications and Trends in Hotels”, FIU Hospitality Review, 31(2), 1-18.
BioID Technologies, Dostupno na: http://www.bioidinc.com/ (10.02.2020.)
Biometrics Research Group (2020), WTTC calls for biometrics and integrated strategy to support
safe air travel in ‘new normal’, Dostupno na: https://www.biometricupdate.com/tag/travel
(05.02.2020.)
Bluebird (2019), Biometrics in Car Rental Technology Raises Privacy Concerns, Dostupno na:
https://www.barsnet.com/blog/biometrics-in-car-rental-technology-raises-privacy-concerns/
(02.02.2020.)
Boban, M. i Perišić, M. (2015), “Biometrija u sustavu sigurnosti, zaštite i nadzora informacijskih
sustava”, Zbornik radova Veleučilišta u Šibeniku, 1-2, 115-148. Dostupno na: https://hrcak.
srce.hr/142285
CERT (2006), Biometrija, CERT-PUBDOC-2006-09-1679, Dostupno na: https://www.cert.hr/
(01.02.2020.)
CMI Tech, USA, Dostupno na: https://www.cmi-tech.com/ (30.01.2020.)
Credence ID, Dostupno na: https://credenceid.com/ (30.01.2020.)
Das, A., Galdi, C., Han, H., Ramachandra, R., Dugelay, J.-L. i Dantcheva, A. (2018), “Recent
Advances in Biometric Technology for Mobile Devices”, 2018 IEEE 9th International Conference
on Biometrics Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS), https://doi.org/10.1109/
btas.2018.8698587
Davis, J. (2019), Biometric screening at airports is spreading fast, but some fear the face-scanning
systems, NBC News, Dostupno na: https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science/biometric-screening-
airports-spreading-fast-some-fear-face-scanning-systems-ncna982756 (15.01.2020.)
Futronic technology, Hong Kong, Dostupno na: https://www.futronic-tech.com/index.php
(11.02.2020.)
Gemalto n.d., Biometrics: authentication & identification (definition, trends, use cases, laws and
latest news) – 2020 review, Dostupno na: https://www.gemalto.com/govt/inspired/biometrics
(10.02.2020.)
Global Market Insights (2017), Biometrics Market Size, Growth – Industry Share Report 2017-2024,
Dostupno na: https://www.gminsights.com/industry-analysis/biometrics-market (10.03.2020.)
Haber, M.J. (2019), Is Your Identity at Risk from Biometric Data Collection, Dostupno na: https://
www.beyondtrust.com/blog/entry/is-your-identity-at-risk-from-biometric-data-collection
(09.03.2020.)
Heracleous, L. i Wirtz, J. (2006), “Biometrics: The Next Frontier in Service Excellence, Productivity
and Security in the Service Sector”, Managing Service Quality, 16(1), 12-22. https://doi.
org/10.1108/09604520610639937
HID Global, Dostupno na: https://www.hidglobal.com/ (02.03.2020.)
Innovatrics, Dostupno na: https://www.innovatrics.com/biometric-technology/ (01.03.2020.)
Jain, A.K., Ross, A.A. i Nandakumar, K. (2011), Introduction to Biometrics, USA: Springer. https://
doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77326-1
Jain, A.K., Nandakumar, K. i Nagar, A. (2008), “Biometric Template Security”, EURASIP Journal
on Advances in Signal Processing, 2008(1), https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/579416
Jones, L.A., Antón, A.I. i Earp, J.B. (2007), “Towards understanding user perceptions of authentication
technologies”, Proceedings of the 2007 ACM Workshop on Privacy in Electronic Society
– WPES ’07. https://doi.org/10.1145/1314333.1314352
Kang, B., Brewer, K.P. i Bai, B. (2007), “Biometrics for Hospitality and Tourism: A New Wave of
Information Technology”, Hospitality Review, 25(1), Article 1. Dostupno na: https://digitalcommons.
fiu.edu/hospitalityreview/vol25/iss1/1 (10.02.2020.)
Kim, J.S. i Bernhard, B. (2014), “Factors influencing hotel customers’ intention to use a fingerprint
system”, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 5(2), 98-125. https://doi.org/10.1108/
jhtt-11-2013-0031
Kim, J., Farrish, J. i Schrier, T. (2013), “Hotel information technology security: do hoteliers understand
the risks?”, International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 14(3), 282- 304 https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2013.809992
Ko, C.-H. i Yu, C.-C. (2015), “Exploring Employees’ Perception of Biometric Technology Adoption
in Hotels”, The International Journal of Organizational Innovation, 8(2), 187-199.
Langenderfer, J. i Linnhoff, S. (2005), “The Emergence of Biometrics and Its Effect On Consumers”,
Journal of Consumer Affairs 39(2), 314-338. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2005.00017.x
Lippe-McGraw, J. (2018), Hertz Is Now The First Rental Car Company To Use Biometric Technology,
Dostupno na: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jordilippemcgraw/2018/12/11/hertz-is-nowthe-
first-rental-car-company-to-use-biometric-technology/#6fe7e7cc535c (13.02.2020.)
Lucintel (2017), Grown Opportunities in the Global Biometric System Market, Dostupno na: https://
www.lucintel.com/biometric-system-market-2017.aspx (11.02.2020.)
Miley, J. (2018), Hotel Chain Uses Biometric Measurements to Help Guests Choose Their Next Holiday
Destination, Interesting Engineering, Dostupno na: https://interestingengineering.com/
hotel-chain-uses-biometric-measurements-to-help-guests-choose-their-next-holiday-destination
(12.02.2020.)
Mills, J., Meyers, M. i Byun, S. (2010), “Embracing broadscale applications of biometric technologies
in hospitality and tourism: Is the business ready?”, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
Technology, 1(3), 245-256. https://doi.org/10.1108/17579881011078377
Morosan, C. (2016), “Opportunities and Challenges for Biometric Systems in Travel: A Review”,
Travel and Tourism Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally. 61. Dostupno
na: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2011/Oral/61
Morosan, C. (2012), “Biometric solutions for today’s travel security problems”, Journal of Hospitality
and Tourism Technology, 3(3), 176-195. https://doi.org/10.1108/17579881211264477
Morosan, C. (2010), “Theoretical and Empirical Considerations of Guests’ Perceptions of Biometric
Systems in Hotels”, Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 36(1), 52-84. https://doi.
org/10.1177/1096348010380601
Murphy, H.C. i Rottet, D. (2009), “An exploration of the key hotel processes implicated in biometric
adoption”, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 21(2), 201-212.
https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110910935697
Neo, H.-F., Rasiah, D., Tong, D.Y.K. i Teo, C.-C. (2014), “Biometric technology and privacy: a
perspective from tourist satisfaction”, Information Technology and Tourism, 14(3), 219-237.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-014-0014-8
NorthSamardzic, A. (2019), “Biometric Technology and Ethics: Beyond Security Applications”,
Journal of Business Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04143-6
Office of Inspector General, U.S. Department of Homeland Security (2018), Progress Made, but
CBP Faces Challenges Implementing a Biometric Capability to Track Air Passenger Departures
Nationwide, Dostupno na: https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2018-09/OIG-
18-80-Sep18.pdf (21.02.2020.)
Pai, C.-K., Wang, T.-W., Chen, S.-H. i Cai, K.-Y. (2018), “Empirical study on Chinese tourists’
perceived trust and intention to use biometric technology”, Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism
Research, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1499544
Pons, A. i Polak, P. (2008), “Understanding User Perspectives on Biometric Technology”, Communications
of the ACM, 51(9), 115-118. https://doi.org/ 10.1145/1378727.1389971
Porr, P. (November 7, 2019), The Fear of Biometric Technology in Today’s Digital World, CPO Magazine.
Dostupno na: https://www.cpomagazine.com/data-privacy/the-fear-of-biometric-technology-
in-todays-digital-world/ (25.02.2020.)
Prabhakar, S., Pankanti, S. i Jain, A. K. (2003), “Biometric recognition: security and privacy
concerns”, IEEE Security & Privacy Magazine, 1(2), 33-42. https://doi.org/10.1109/msecp.
2003.1193209
Pranić, Lj., Roehl, S.W. i West, D.B. (2009), “Prihvaćanje i predodžba o djelotvornosti biometrije”,
Acta Turistica Nova, 3(1). Dostupno na: http://hrcak.srce.hr/43446 (24.02.2020.)
Radmilović, Ž. (2008), “Biometrijska identifikacija”, Policija i sigurnost, 3-4, 159-180.
Revfine, n.d., 4 Ways Facial Recognition can be used in the Travel Industry, Dostupno na: https://
www.revfine.com/facial-recognition-travel-industry/ (13.02.2020.)
Rotem, N. i Locar, R. (2019), Report: Data Breach in Biometric Security Platform Affecting Millions
of Users, Dostupno na: https://www.vpnmentor.com/blog/report-biostar2-leak/ (05.03.2020.)
Stankov, U., Filimonau, V. i Slivar, I. (2019), “Calm ICT design in hotels: A critical review of applications
and implications”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, Vol. 82, 298-307.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.10.012
TechSci Research (2017), Global Biometrics Market By Type (Fingerprint Recognition, Facial Recognition,
Hand/Palm Recognition, Iris Scanner, Voice Recognition, Vein Scanner, and Others),
By End Use Sector, By Region, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2012 – 2022,
Dostupno na: https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/global-biometrics-market/1373.html
(13.03.2020.)
Travel Magazine (2018), Skeniranje lica – način plaćanja hotelskih usluga, Dostupno na: https://www.
travelmagazine.rs/vesti/prepoznavanje-lica-sredstvo-placanja-hotelskih-usluga/ (23.03.2020.)
Uludag, U., Pankanti, S., Prabhakar, S. i Jain, A.K. (2004), “Biometric cryptosystems: issues and
challenges”, Proceedings of the IEEE, 92(6), 948-960. https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2004.827372
Wang, P.S. i Yanushkevich, S.N. (2007), “Biometric technologies and applications”, Artificial Intelligence
and Applications, Proceedings of the IASTED, 226-231.
Warren, K. (2010), “Weighing the option of biometrics in the hospitality industry”, Worldwide Hospitality
and Tourism Themes, 2(1), 100-109. https://doi.org/10.1108/17554211011012630
Zorkadis, V. i Donos, P. (2004), “On biometrics‐based authentication and identification from a privacy‐
protection perspective: Deriving privacy‐enhancing requirements”, Information Management
& Computer Security, Vol. 12 No. 1, 125-137. https://doi.org/10.1108/09685220410518883